Break apart the broccoli and cauliflower into florets. Place these florets into a food process and process until minced. You can leave a few bigger chunks, if desired. Alternatively, you can also roughly chop the broccoli and cauliflower.
Transfer the minced broccoli and cauliflower in a large bowl. With your hands, carefully break apart the tofu. Add in the flour, salt, miso paste (if using), garlic, green onions, and pepper.
Mix everything until combined. Shape the mixture into small patties, cakes, or other shape of choice. You can even make these into large burger-sized patties to have in burgers or sandwiches, if desired.
If pan-frying or frying, heat a pan or pot over medium. Add in the oil and leave to heat. Once hot, pan-fry or deep fry the cakes until golden brown on both sides.
For deep-frying, I cooked mine for 6-8 minutes and flipped halfway through until golden brown throughout. Drain the cakes from the oil and cook the rest.
If air-frying or baking, heat your air-fryer or oven to 350F/180C. On a lined air-fryer basket or baking tray, place the cakes. Spray or brush a generous amount of oil on both sides. Leave to air-fry for 25-30 minutes, flipping halfway through, until golden brown on both sides. For baking, this will take longer, around 35-40 minutes.
Serve the cakes and enjoy these with your dipping sauce of choice. I had mine with tomato ketchup.
You can also enjoy these in wraps, with salads, or even in a burger (if making large patties).